Nova Specialty Hospital has introduced an advanced Holmium laser technology to treat kidney stones. Kidney stone is the most common problem an individual suffers from. The surgeons reach and pulverize the kidney stone with the help of a special instrument called Flexible Uretroscopy through natural orifice and without any cut. Ninety-nine per cent of kidney stones can be treated by this method. Excerpts from an interview with Dr. M Prabhakar MS, DNB (urol), Consultant Urologist follow:
How are kidney stones formed?
There are several reasons for the formation of kidney stones. Among them are the imbalance between body fluids, acid imbalance insufficiency and high concentration of certain chemicals. If the size of the stones is big enough to block urine flow, they cause urinary tract infection and damage your kidneys.
What are the symptoms?
Kidney stones may not cause any symptoms until they move around the kidney or pass into the urether tube. Back pain radiating towards front lower abdomen and to the tip of genitals can be a sign of an obstructing stone. Also, there can be nausea, vomiting, frequent urination and cloudy or foul-smelling urine.
What are the treatment options?
Treatment of kidney stones varies, depending on the type and cause. Shock waves are used to break smaller stones, which are fragmented into tiny bits to be passed out with urine. This procedure, called shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL), cannot be done for hard stones patients with bleeding tendency, mal positioned kidney and larger stones.
PCNL (Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy) is done by creating a small hole on the back and connecting the skin to the inner part of the kidney. A special instrument is passed and the stones are broken and removed. This procedure cannot be done in obesity, bleeding tendency, unfit for anesthesia and mal positioned kidneys. The major risk factor of this procedure is bleeding.
Open surgeries are slowly vanishing and are done only for very large stones and those unfit for PCNL.
What is laser kidney stone treatment?
With a special instrument called flexible ureteroscopy, all parts of the kidney can be reached and the stones are pulverized with laser and fragments removed. The advantage is that the patient can return home the same day and can resume duty within four days. We can also treat stones upto 3.5 cm and those that cannot be treated by ESWL or PCNL and for people bleeding tendency, spinal deformity, mal-positioned kidney, hard stones and obesity. It is also ideal for multiple small stones and pregnant women with stones.
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